In vitro antioxidant and reducing capability of weight loss tablet formulation

Antioxidants are used as an influential counteractive measure in opposing the generation of reactive oxygen species. The current study was carried out to investigate antioxidant potential and reducing capability of developed weight reducing tablet formulation. When tablets were evaluated at concentrations of 50, 100 and 500 micro g/ml, antioxidant activity improved in a dose depending way just similar to standard Butylated hydroxyl anisol [BHA]. For evaluation of reducing ability the formulation under test evaluated at concentrations of 50, 100 and 500micro g/ml and it was observed that formulation contain good reducing capability and possess considerable activity to scavenge super oxide radicals. In-vitro analysis of weight reducing tablets formulation showed considerable antioxidant and reducing capacity that will be supportive in averting the development of a variety of oxidative stress-related diseases

Evaluation of in vitro urease and lipoxygenase inhibition activity of weight reducing tablets

Enzyme inhibition is a significant part of research in pharmaceutical field in view of the fact that these studies have directed to the innovations of drugs having remarkable performance in diverse physiological conditions. The present study was aimed to assess urease and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of weight reducing tablets. For evaluating the urease activity indophenol method was employed using Thiourea as the model urease inhibitor. The lipoxygenase inhibition was evaluated by measuring the hydroperoxides produced in lipoxygenation reaction using a purified lipoxygenase with lionoleic acid as substrate. When formulation of the weight reducing tablets was compared at various concentrations [50, 100 and 500microg/ml]. The antiurease activity and lipoxygenase inhibition activity increased in a dose dependent manner. The formulations under test have an excellent antiurease and lipoxygenase inhibition potential and prospective to be used in the cure of a variety of complications associated with the production of urease and lipoxygenase enzymes

Phytoconstituents isolated from phoenixsylvestris roxb

Five compounds were isolated from the chloroform and butanol extracts of the male flower inflorescence of Phoenix sylvestris Roxb. The structures of isolated compounds were established as cholesterol [1], beta-sitosterol [2], beta-amyrin [3], quercetin [4] and quercitrin [5] by modern spectroscopic techniques. This is the first report of occurrence of these compounds from Phoenix sylvestris

Bioactive alkaloids produced by fungi I. updates on alkaloids from the species of the genera boletus, fusarium and psilocybe

Fungi, in particular, are able in common with the higher plants and bacteria, to produce metabolites, including alkaloids. Alkaloids, along with other metabolites are the most important fungal metabolites from pharmaceutical and industrial point of view. Based on this observation, the authors of this review article have tried to provide an information on the alkaloids produced by the species of genera: Boletus, Fusarium and Psilocybef from 1981-2009. Thus the review would be helpful and provides valuable information for the researchers of the same field

Effects of tryptophan and valine administration on behavioral pharmacology of haloperidol

Development of antipsychotics with slight/no extra-pyramidal symptoms [EPS] and/or other side effects is one of the exploring fields of drug research. Haloperidol is a high potency typical neuroleptic used in the treatment of schizophrenia but produces muscles related side effects commonly known as EPS. These effects are not produced following the administration of atypical neuroleptics such as clozapine. A severe side effect of clozapine treatment is however, agranulocytosis. This involves investigation on the mechanism by which a typical neuroleptic acting via serotonergic mechanism tends to produce less or no EPS. The present study was, therefore, designed to determine the effect of serotonin precursor tryptophan and a large neutral amino acid other than tryptophan [valine] on the modulation of haloperidol induced catalepsy and akinesia. Cataleptic effects of the drug and activity reducing effects were monitored on inclined surface and in an activity box or open field respectively. The results are discussed in the context of a role of tryptophan and valine induced changes of brain serotonin in modifying the extrapyramidal and monoaminergic effects of the typical neuroleptic haloperidol. In the present study administration of TRP and valine decreased activity in rats, haloperidol-induced catalepsy' was not modulated by prior administration of tryptophan or valine. Brain serotonin levels were elevated by haloperidol treatment and correlated very well with the behavioral response. These findings suggest a possible serotonergic involvement in neuroleptic induced tardive dyskinesia and an amelioration of the disorder through TRP supplementation

Kinetic studies on zingiber officinale

The present investigation deals with the isolation, purification and characterization of gingerol, the major pungent constituent of ginger [Zingiber officinale] and its kinetic of extraction using a number of organic solvents. The characterization was carried out through GC and GC-MS. Gingerol has been assayed in the plant material during extraction with various solvents by a HPLC method. In order to develop a relationship between solvent characteristics such as viscosity and dielectric constant and the rates of extraction, the kinetics of extraction of gingerol has been studied by using twelve different solvents in order to evaluate the solvent efficacy in the extraction processes. It has been observed that both solvent viscosity [1/v] and dielectric constant show a linear relationship with the rates of extraction [k]. An increase in solvent viscosity leads to a decrease in the rates of extraction, similarly an increase in dielectric constant also leads to a decrease in the rates of extraction. This appears to be largely due to an unionizable character of gingerol which does not interact with polar solvents. Thus solvent viscosity and dielectric constant both play an important role in the choice of solvents for the extraction of gingerol. Sovlents with relatively low viscosity and dielectric constant are more suitable for the extraction of gingerol from plant material

Pharmacokinetic difference of some generic tablet gliclazide 80 mg on Pakistani population

The goal of rational drug therapy is to produce a desired pharmacological response in an acceptable and predictable manner while minimizing the occurrence of undesired events. The Pharmacokinetics of different generics of tablet gliclazide 80 mg was investigated on healthy [10 x 2], Pakistani subjects. For this exploration an open-label, randomized, two-period crossover [Balanced in Complete Block Design] study, was conducted The out come of the said study suggests that all generics were found analogous regarding pharmacokinetic behavior in-spite of having different excipients, concentration of excipients, sources of raw material, manufacturing process, machinery, resources and also inter individual variation of the study. Results of the study also undoubtedly advocate that generics manufactured in different manufacturing units of Pakistan are near to the standard formulation and produce comparable results. No significant differences in pharmacokinetics parameters were observed, however, minor differences might narrate with inter individual variation in human volunteers and in different generic as well as different pharmaceutical unit